1961−1982
Industrial development
In the mid‑1960s, the development of the fuel and energy complex began. The city grew rapidly and underwent reconstruction. Wooden houses with stove heating were replaced by blocks of standard panel buildings. A new airport, "Roshchino," was built.
In the 1960s-1970s, Tyumen underwent a rapid transformation from a provincial city into the administrative and personnel hub of the country’s largest West Siberian oil and gas complex: after the discovery of northern fields, Glavtyumenneftegaz and Glavtyumengeologiya were relocated there, specialized design institutes were established, and the city’s population reached 150,000 by 1959 and continued to grow due to migration.
In 1965, a new television centre was commissioned. By that time, there were already around 30,000 television sets in the region. From 1967 onwards, residents of Tyumen and the surrounding districts were able to watch television broadcasts from Moscow. In 1978, Tyumen broadcast its first colour television programme, and in 1985 the regional television centre switched entirely to colour broadcasting.
Approximately 800,000 square metres of housing were built between 1959 and 1965.
Approximately 800,000 square metres of housing were built between 1959 and 1965.
In 1967, the Tyumen Civil Aviation Directorate was established. Tyumen-based aviation crews transported surveyors, topographers, geologists, drilling specialists, and construction workers, along with the equipment they needed, to the most inaccessible locations. Between 1965 and 1968, a new airport, Roshchino, was built. In February 1995, it was granted international status.
In 1970, the first trolleybus appeared on the streets of Tyumen, and in 1973 the city’s university was established. By the mid-1980s, the region had more than 30 research and design institutes.
During these years, river transport workers developed new waterways along the numerous rivers of Western Siberia. Tyumen became a departure and transshipment point for the delivery of cargo to the North. Shipbuilders constructed floating power stations known as Northern Lights, including versions designed for maritime use.
Many enterprises changed their production specialisation to meet the needs of the oil and gas industry. An engine plant was built to manufacture aircraft and rocket engines, as well as spare parts for automobiles.
In the mid-1970s, construction began on new residential districts beyond the railway and in the part of the city across the river. By 1980, Tyumen’s population had grown to 400,000. In 1982, the city had 77 major industrial enterprises, five higher education institutions, three stadiums, and 22 hospitals and medical units.
In the mid-1970s, construction began on new residential districts beyond the railway and in the part of the city across the river. By 1980, Tyumen’s population had grown to 400,000. In 1982, the city had 77 major industrial enterprises, five higher education institutions, three stadiums, and 22 hospitals and medical units.
Culture and the arts also developed. A puppet theatre was established in 1945. In 1967, a purpose-built theatre building was constructed for it on Kirov Street. The building of the regional philharmonic was erected on the site of the former two-storey Merchants' Club. In 1957, the Tyumen Regional Art Gallery opened on Respublika Street. In 1988, it became the Museum of Fine Arts.
The Days of Literature and Music in the Tyumen Region became an annual tradition, beginning in 1970. Prominent composers and writers took part in these events.
Significant progress was made in housing construction, municipal services, and culture. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the people of Tyumen received more than 1.2 million square metres of housing, five schools, a widescreen cinema, a children’s hospital, an exhibition hall, and a number of retail and catering establishments. The city’s population grew from 334,000 in 1975 to 387,800 in 1980, exceeding 400,000 by 1982. Water supply systems and public transport services were also improved.
The Days of Literature and Music in the Tyumen Region became an annual tradition, beginning in 1970. Prominent composers and writers took part in these events.
Significant progress was made in housing construction, municipal services, and culture. During the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the people of Tyumen received more than 1.2 million square metres of housing, five schools, a widescreen cinema, a children’s hospital, an exhibition hall, and a number of retail and catering establishments. The city’s population grew from 334,000 in 1975 to 387,800 in 1980, exceeding 400,000 by 1982. Water supply systems and public transport services were also improved.
In 1980, residents were served by 352 shops and 443 canteens, cafés, and restaurants. More than 600 types of household services were available to the people of Tyumen.
Residents and visitors could enjoy a drama theatre, a puppet theatre, a philharmonic, a museum, an art gallery, libraries, clubs, cinemas, and other cultural institutions.
The flourishing cultural life of the city was reflected in the achievements of its education system. By 1980, Tyumen had 42 general education schools, 15 schools for working youth, six higher education institutions, and seven specialised secondary education institutions.
The city had 72 industrial enterprises. Each year, they produced goods across more than 1,000 product categories, with a total value of up to 1.2−1.3 billion roubles. Tyumen’s products were exported to nearly 50 countries worldwide.
Tyumen accounted for one-third of the region’s gross industrial output. In 1983 alone, output at mechanical engineering enterprises increased by 4%, while production at plants manufacturing oilfield equipment rose by 7%.
During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the city’s industry focused on producing goods for the oil and gas sector. These products were manufactured by enterprises including the engine plant, Elektron, Neftemash, the Turbomechanical Plant, the Instrument-Making Plant, the Modular Equipment Plant, and other enterprises belonging to the Sibkomplektmontazh association.
In 1980, the people of Tyumen celebrated City Day for the first time. In recognition of the city’s 400th anniversary and its services to the Motherland, Tyumen was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.
In 1980, the people of Tyumen celebrated City Day for the first time. In recognition of the city’s 400th anniversary and its services to the Motherland, Tyumen was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.
